Plant sources：Glucoraphanin, sourced from annual or biennial herbaceous plants of the genus Brassica (Brassicaceae family), particularly the vegetable cultivar broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck), is a thioglucoside with the molecular formula C₁₂H₂₃NO₁₀S₂. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme myrosinase, glucoraphanin is converted to sulforaphane (molecular formula: C₆H₁₁NOS₂). 

Plant sources：Dihydroberberine is a hydrogenated derivative of berberine, the main component of Berberine, which belongs to the isoquinoline alkaloids.